Florida’s wetlands are one of the most iconic parts of our natural landscape. Nearly a fifth of the total wetland area in the United States is found in the sunshine state. We also have an incredible diversity of wetlands - here you can find seepage slopes, wet prairies, cypress domes, steepheads, mangrove swamps, and fresh and saltwater marshes.

Wetlands also provide vital ecosystem functions. They have been referred to as “nature’s kidneys” for their ability to filter excess sediment and nutrients from water, which can reduce the need for expensive water treatment centers. In fact, wetlands are so effective that water managers will often construct wetlands for the express purpose of water treatment. Wetlands are also effective at flood control, as they can act as sponges that will quickly absorb and slowly release surges of water.

Unfortunately, these crucial ecosystems are also highly threatened; exotic plants and animals, groundwater withdrawal, pollution, and development all pose very real threats. Florida has already lost more than half of its original wetland area. The good news? There are many programs in place to help protect these important areas.

December 13 will mark the 30^th anniversary of the North American Wetland Conservation Act (NAWCA). Here in Florida, NAWCA grants and partner contributions have provided more than $60 million to conserve and restore over 100,000 acres of wetland. Many popular sites on the Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail have benefitted from the act, including T.M Goodwin Waterfowl Management Area, Arthur M. Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Kissimmee Prairie State Park, and Biscayne National Park.

Another federal program that has been incredibly effective is the Duck Stamp. Purchasing a federal Duck Stamp is a simple action you can take to help protect our wetlands. Ninety-eight percent of the purchase price goes back into purchasing land or conservation easements for our National Wildlife Refuges, which benefit all wetland dwelling birds and wildlife. Beyond promoting conservation, your Duck Stamp will also get you free admission to any NWRs that charge an admission fee – a win-win for birds and the birders who love them.