What are rarities?
In the birding world “rarities” are birds that are rare or unusual to spot, and few things delight birders more than finding one. There are two kinds of rarity. The first are local species that are difficult to find due to factors like limited populations or inaccessible habitats. The second kind are “vagrants”. These are birds that migrate great distances and occasionally get off course, ending up far beyond their typical ranges. These misplaced wanderers captivate local birders with their novelty, the thrill of tracking them down and the triumph of adding a new species to a life list. The length of time vagrants linger can vary widely, with some moving on within days and others remaining for weeks or even months. The arrival of a rarity can significantly boost an area’s popularity, prompting birders to explore new locations in search of these exciting finds.
What to do if you think you’ve encountered a rarity?
First, confirm that what you’re seeing is truly a rarity and not a misidentified common species. This can be tricky, so it’s important to gather as many details as possible. Take notes on key characteristics like appearance, behavior, habitat, and vocalizations, and capture photos or recordings if you can. Reach out to trusted, experienced birders who may be able to help verify your sighting.
Next, consider the ethical implications of sharing your observation. A rarity can attract large crowds of birders, so it’s important to weigh potential impacts before reporting your findings. For instance, avoid disturbing breeding birds or sensitive wildlife. Be mindful of the location as well. Exercise caution when reporting rarities in fragile habitats or on private property, and always respect the environment and landowners’ wishes.
Finally, if you’re confident in your identification, documentation and ethical responsibilities, report your find to your local Audubon chapter or birding club, and submit it to eBird. From there, your observations will be carefully reviewed for potential inclusion in the scientific record. Keep in mind that rarities are only officially recognized if the evidence is irrefutable, so don’t be discouraged if your sighting is questioned or rejected. It’s better to err on the side of caution rather than risk an inaccurate sighting being included in birding history. Regardless of whether your identification is accepted, it’s a valuable opportunity to refine your birding skills by learning more about key identification features, local species, and birding resources.
